Siti Khadijah Haji Mohd Salleh

Email: skdjh166@gmail.com


Siti Khadijah Haji Mohd SallehSiti Khadijah Haji Mohd Salleh is a PhD candidate in Economics at Universiti Brunei Darussalam, where she is expected to complete her degree in 2025. Her research focuses on sanctions, international economics, and peace economics, with a particular interest in how economic policy can influence global stability and international relations. Using empirical and econometric methods, Siti Khadijah’s work explores the broader implications of sanctions and trade dynamics, aiming to uncover the often-overlooked ripple effects of economic interventions. She is committed to producing research that bridges theoretical insight with real-world policy relevance, contributing to ongoing discussions on conflict, cooperation, and sustainable global development.




Papers Published in World Economics:


The Ripple Effects of Economic Sanctions

Economic sanctions on Iran, Pakistan, Russia, and Cuba from 1990 to 2022 restrict trade, and impact population growth and life expectancy, yet paradoxically increases GDP per capita as these countries adapt by diversifying trade partners, though this comes with significant socioeconomic costs. The study reveals that sanctions lead to surging unemployment due to trade disruptions, increase dependency rates, reduce consumer spending, and exacerbate poverty, inequality, and social unrest in the targeted nations. Sanctions destabilise markets in these countries, causing currency depreciation, inflation, and liquidity crises, which hinder investment and economic recovery, amplifying the broader ripple effects throughout their economies.

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